Windows and Unix

There are two techniques for using a machine in your room (or house) to connect to Unix machines used in CPS 06, 100, 104, 108, and so on.

One technique involves connecting to a Unix machine such as godzilla, teerXX, carrXX, bioXX and so on. You logon to one of these Unix machines but display the logon session (xterm, xemacs, etc) back to your Windows or Macintosh machine.

The other technique is to install a Unix like environment, including xemacs onto your Windows machine. Then you can work on your own machine in the same environment that the Unix machines used.

The advantage of the second approach is that you use your own machine, so you're not competing with other users of the Unix machines. Also, for many programs running them on your own machine is much faster than running on a remote machine and displaying the results back to your machine. This is especially true of graphically intensive programs e.g., Java programs that use GUIs.

Connecting to a Unix machine, Display back to your machine

You'll need two software programs to connect to a Unix machine but display the session back to your machine.

  1. You'll need an X-server. This is typically X-Win32 for windows machines and eXodus for Macintosh machines. These are accessible from the OIT site license page, http://www.oit.duke.edu/site/software.html.

  2. You'll need a secure-shell (SSH) terminal program. These are also accessible from the OIT web page. The simplest are TeraTerm for windows and Firewall for Macs. You can also get a very nice free version from www.ssh.com, make sure you specify the educational/free version.

X-server

You should download and install the X-Win32 X-server. If you're off-campus you can download a trial version from starnet.com. The trial version lasts for 30 days, then reverts to a version that only runs for two hours at a time. This is still very useful.

When you install X-Win32 you may be asked for information and a machine when it first starts up. You can most likely just ignore these. If the X-server starts successfully you'll see a blue X icon in the task bar at the bottom of the screen.

SSH terminal program

Download and install the TeraTerm SSH program, or the free version from www.ssh.com. In this writeup we'll assume you have the TeraTerm program, see below for the ssh.com program.

After installing TeraTerm you should run it to connect to a Unix machine. Run it after you start the X-server if you want to display xemacs back to your machine.

You can specify godzilla.acpub.duke.edu as a Host when connecting. Godzilla actually cycles through several different machines depending on load. You can also specify a specific machine such as teer13.acpub.duke.edu or carr15.acpub.duke.edu. You can substitute other numbers for machines, check in the clusters to see what legal numbers are.

After you specify a host you'll need to enter your login and your password. Then you should have a terminal window logged into a Unix machine.

Font/Window

From the Setup menu you can choose the Terminal option. If you check Auto Window Resize you'll then be able to resize the window by dragging a corner. If you select Font you'll be able to increase (or decrease) the size of the font.

X-11 Forwarding

To make xemacs display on your machine, you'll need to turn on X-11 Forwarding. To do this select the Setup menu then choose the SSH Forwarding submenu. When the dialog box pops up, use the check-box to select Display remote X applications on local X server. You may get a message indicating your current session won't support this, you'll need to save the changes.

Save Settings

To save the settings so you won't need to do this again, select the Setup menu then choose the Save Setup submenu. Choose the default file name for storing the settings by pressing OK. Your settings should now be saved, you can quit TeraTerm SSH and restart it to verify that this worked.

Displaying xemacs and other applications

If you checked forward X-11 as described above, you should be able to login and have xemacs (and other applications) displayed back to your machines.

To see if this will work, after you login to a Unix machine type

   echo $DISPLAY

You should see something like teer12.acpub.duke.edu:14.0. If you see something about an UNDEFINED VARIABLE, then your setup stuff didn't work. Try again once to turn on X-11 forwarding, then ask for help. If you do see the DISPLAY environment variable then you can simply type

  xemacs &
to have xemacs run and display on your machine. The ampersand & runs xemacs in background so that your shell still functions.
Owen L. Astrachan
Last modified: Wed Sep 12 11:24:57 EDT 2001