/**
 *
 * Hangman is the traditional word-guessing game
 * The user is allowed 8 misses, then the game is over
 * The same letter can't contribute twice to the miss count
 *
 *
 * @author Owen Astrachan
 */

public class Hangman
{
    /**
     * construct a Hangman game
     */
    
    public Hangman()
    {
	myMisses = 0;
	myWordIndex = 0;
	myLettersUsed = new boolean[Character.MAX_VALUE];
    }

    /**
     * clear all variables to beginning-of-game state
     * word shown user will be all blanks, all letters
     * are eligible for "guessability"
     */
    
    private void clear()
    {
	int k;

	// all letters can be guessed, none are used
	
	for(k=0; k < Character.MAX_VALUE; k++) {
	    myLettersUsed[k] = false;
	}
	
	// word shown to user is all blanks
	
	mySecretWord = new char[myWords[myWordIndex].length()];
	for(k=0; k < mySecretWord.length; k++) {
	    mySecretWord[k] = BLANK;
	}
    }

    /**
     * process a user's guess, update state to reflect
     * the guess. This might change # misses and the
     * word displayed to the user
     *
     * @param ch is the character guessed by the user
     */
    private void guess(char ch)
    {
	int k;
	boolean charFound = false;
	
	ch = Character.toLowerCase(ch);	   // case doesn't matter
	
	for(k=0; k < mySecretWord.length; k++) {
	    if (! myLettersUsed[ch] &&
		myWords[myWordIndex].charAt(k) == ch) {
		mySecretWord[k] = ch;
		charFound = true;
	    }
	}
	if (! myLettersUsed[ch] && ! charFound) {
	    myMisses++;
	}
	myLettersUsed[ch] = true;
    }

    /**
     * display (partially guessed) word to user
     */
    private void showWord()
    {
	int k;
	for(k=0; k < mySecretWord.length; k++) {
	    System.out.print(mySecretWord[k]+" ");
	}
	System.out.println("\n# misses left = "+ (MISSES-myMisses));
    }

    /**
     * @return true if word has been guessed, else returne false
     */
    
    private boolean wordGuessed()
    {
	int k;
	for(k=0; k < mySecretWord.length; k++) {
	    if (mySecretWord[k] == BLANK) {
		return false;
	    }
	}
	return true;
    }

    /**
     * plays a game of hangman. Repeated calls of this
     * function will play different games (different words)
     * up to some internal limit based on the number of different
     * words. After all words have been used they'll be repeated
     */
    
    public void play()
    {
	clear();
	while (true) {
	    showWord();
	    System.out.print("guess> ");
	    String s = ConsoleInput.readString();
	    if (s.length() > 0) {      // typed something?
		guess(s.charAt(0));
	    }
	    if (myMisses >= MISSES) {
		System.out.println("you lose!!!");
		break;
	    }
	    else if (wordGuessed()) {
		System.out.println("you win!!!");
		break;
	    }
	}
	myWordIndex = (myWordIndex + 1) % myWords.length;
    }
    
    private String myWords[] = {
	"apple",
	"toothbrush",
	"cucumber",
	"strengthens",
        "portfolio"
    };

    private  char[] mySecretWord;       // what's shown to the user
    private  int    myMisses;           // # misses so far
    private  int    myWordIndex;        // which word is being guessed
    private  boolean[] myLettersUsed;   // tracks letters guessed/used

    private final static char BLANK = '_';
    private final static int  MISSES = 8;

    public static final void main(String args[])
    {
	Hangman hang = new Hangman();
	hang.play();
    }
}